When we think of Hyderabad, the Charminar, Golconda Fort, and pearl bazaars often come to mind. But hidden beneath the bustling streets lies another treasure—the forgotten stepwells of Hyderabad. Locally called baoli or bawdi, these sunken water reservoirs once provided drinking water, irrigation, and a space for community gatherings. Over time, however, most stepwells fell into neglect, buried under urban expansion.
In recent years, Hyderabad has witnessed a revival of these heritage water structures. Restorations like the Bansilalpet Stepwell and Badi Baoli have shown that stepwells are not only historical marvels but also practical solutions for today’s water challenges.
What Are Stepwells?
Stepwells are ancient architectural wonders designed to access and store groundwater. Built with symmetrical steps leading down to the water, these structures served dual purposes:
-
Utility – water harvesting, storage, and irrigation.
-
Social space – resting areas, cultural gatherings, and cooling shelters during summer.
While Rajasthan and Gujarat are famous for their ornate stepwells, Hyderabad’s stepwells were simpler, reflecting the city’s functional yet elegant approach to water management.
A Glimpse into History
Stepwells in the Deccan trace back to the Kakatiya dynasty and flourished during the Qutb Shahi and Nizam eras. They were built near markets, mosques, gardens, and tombs to supply water for daily use and rituals.
As modern water systems like reservoirs and pipelines emerged in the 19th and 20th centuries, these stepwells lost relevance. Many became garbage dumps, encroached upon, or were simply forgotten under layers of urbanization.
Forgotten Stepwells of Hyderabad – Notable Examples
1. Bansilalpet Stepwell (Secunderabad)
The Bansilalpet Stepwell is a shining example of heritage revival. Dating back to the 17th century, it had turned into a dumping ground before being restored in 2021. Today, it stands as a beautifully revived water body with an amphitheatre, pathways, and rainwater harvesting channels.
The stepwell now attracts visitors, historians, and environmentalists, proving how heritage structures can be repurposed for modern community use.
Read more about its restoration: Bansilalpet Stepwell Restoration
2. Badi Baoli – Qutb Shahi Tombs
Located within the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park, the Badi Baoli is one of the largest stepwells in Hyderabad. Built to supply water to the royal tombs and gardens, it reflects the grandeur of Qutb Shahi water engineering.
The restoration project, supported by heritage organisations, involved clearing debris, reconstructing collapsed walls, and reviving the water system. It is now an integral part of the heritage park tour, showcasing the Qutb Shahi era’s ingenuity.
Detailed report: Tata Trusts – Badi Baoli Restoration
3. Kumandan Baoli – Gudimalkapur
In the busy Gudimalkapur flower market area lies the Kumandan Baoli, another stepwell that had fallen into disuse. Recent restoration initiatives aim to revive it as a water body and cultural space. Such localised projects highlight the growing awareness of Hyderabad’s hidden water heritage.
4. Stepwells of Golconda & Qutb Shahi Complex
Beyond Badi Baoli, the Golconda region hosts several stepwells integrated into fortifications and tomb complexes. These were strategically built to ensure water supply during sieges and for maintaining sprawling gardens. Many of them remain buried, awaiting rediscovery and conservation.
Why Restoring Stepwells Matters
-
Water Conservation – Stepwells recharge groundwater and prevent flooding by storing rainwater.
-
Cultural Heritage – They connect us to Hyderabad’s history and architectural legacy.
-
Tourism Potential – Restored stepwells can diversify the city’s heritage tourism.
-
Community Spaces – Modern restorations include seating areas, amphitheatres, and cultural hubs.
-
Climate Resilience – Stepwells help cool microclimates and support biodiversity.
Challenges in Stepwell Conservation
-
Encroachments – Many stepwells are surrounded by illegal structures.
-
Garbage & Neglect – Years of waste disposal have damaged their foundations.
-
Loss of Water Sources – Urbanization has cut off catchment areas that once fed these wells.
-
Funding Gaps – Large-scale restoration requires heavy investment.
-
Balancing Tourism & Preservation – Over-commercialisation can harm the authenticity of these heritage structures.
Hyderabad’s Stepwell Revival – A New Chapter
Government bodies, NGOs, and private organisations are now actively restoring stepwells. The Bansilalpet project has become a national model, winning awards for sustainable urban development. Similarly, the Aga Khan Trust for Culture has been instrumental in restoring stepwells at the Qutb Shahi tombs.
This renewed focus is turning stepwells into eco-tourism spots, cultural venues, and practical water reservoirs—giving them a second life in a modern city.
FAQs About Stepwells of Hyderabad
Q1. Are Hyderabad’s stepwells open to the public?
Yes, restored stepwells like Bansilalpet and Badi Baoli are open for visitors. However, timings may vary.
Q2. Can stepwells still provide drinking water?
While historically they were used for drinking, today most stepwells serve for rainwater harvesting and groundwater recharge. The water is usually not potable without treatment.
Q3. Who funds the restoration projects?
A mix of government agencies, NGOs, and CSR initiatives fund these projects. For example, Bansilalpet Stepwell restoration had support from municipal bodies and private organisations.
Q4. Are there guided tours available?
Yes, guided tours are often available at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park and occasionally at Bansilalpet Stepwell.
Q5. How can citizens help?
Locals can participate by supporting NGOs, spreading awareness, avoiding littering, and joining heritage walks.
Conclusion
The forgotten stepwells of Hyderabad are silent witnesses to the city’s glorious past. From the royal Badi Baoli to the revived Bansilalpet Stepwell, these baolis remind us that sustainable water management isn’t a new concept—it’s deeply rooted in our heritage.
Reviving these structures is more than just conservation—it’s a step towards building a sustainable and culturally rich urban future. If you’re a heritage lover or an eco-conscious traveller, exploring Hyderabad’s stepwells should be on your must-visit list.